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A recently launched WHO Manifesto calls for decisive action to address the root causes of the COVID pandemic by reducing social inequalities and ecosystem degradation, and transforming the way we relate to the environment in which we live. Attempting to save money by neglecting environmental protection, emergency preparedness, health systems, and social safety nets, has generated a false economy — and the bill is now being paid many times over. The world cannot afford repeated disasters on the scale of COVID, whether they are triggered by the next pandemic, or from mounting environmental damage and climate change. COVID is a reminder of the intimate and delicate relationship between people and planet. Biodiversity loss, ecosystem degradation and other human-driven disturbances are increasingly linked to the occurrence, risk and spread of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases. In many instances, climate change acts as a threat multiplier. A Question and Answer sheet, prepared under the WHO-CBD joint work programme on biodiversity and health, summarizes some of the interlinkages between biodiversity and infectious diseases. We are at a critical juncture. Unhealthy diets have now become the single-most important driver of mortality globally, accounting for nearly 11 million premature adult deaths annually. Biodiversity plays a crucial role in our food systems, including by sustaining healthy, diverse and sustainable diets and by strengthening the resilience of food systems, health systems and livelihood.
NCBI Bookshelf. Institute of Medicine US. Domestically, the response has been to clean up the environment, a laudable goal, said Rafe Pomerance of Sky Trust. Environmental health issues traditionally have been addressed at the international level within the context of such issues as ozone depletion, climate change, and biodiversity. Countries have tried to address these issues through the multilateral process, such as multilateral agreements and commissions, bilateral assistance and cooperation, private sector investment, trade, the work of nongovernmental organizations, education, and training. These efforts can be profoundly effective, asserted Pomerance; witness the reductions in the emissions of chlorofluorocarbons achieved through legislation and transnational agreements in the s. However, efforts have not been so successful in maintaining biodiversity, said Pomerance, as the world continues to lose species on a daily basis. Challenges also remain in assuring a safe and healthful food supply. The natural environment, broadly conceived, can also enhance health, for example, many pharmaceuticals are derived from plants and animals, providing a compelling argument for preserving biodiversity. In addition, contact with the natural world may be directly beneficial to health.