The relationship of sugar to population-level diabetes prevalence: An econometric analysis of repeated cross-sectional data. The antiepileptic effects of ketogenic diet therapy are based on a combination of multiple beneficial mechanisms. Reduction in lipogenesis and increased lipolysis. Because of the effective use of the ketogenic diet in reducing seizures see above, it has been suggested that it may also improve the clinical status in brain injury, especially by reducing the incidence of long-term consequences, such as epilepsy. My recent searches. For all we know, being overweight could be the major factor behind poor sperm counts with those consuming the most fats likely to be the most overweight. Effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on appetite, blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
High-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets KDs have been used for almost a century for the treatment of epilepsy. Used traditionally for the treatment of refractory pediatric epilepsies, in recent years the use of KDs has experienced a revival to include the treatment of adulthood epilepsies as well as conditions ranging from autism to chronic pain and cancer. Despite the ability of KD therapy to suppress seizures refractory to antiepileptic drugs and reports of lasting seizure freedom, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This review explores new insights into mechanisms mobilized by KD therapies. KDs act through a combination of mechanisms, which are linked to the effects of ketones and glucose restriction, and to interactions with receptors, channels, and metabolic enzymes. Decanoic acid, a component of medium chain triclycerides, contributes to seizure control through direct AMPA receptor inhibition, whereas drugs targeting lactate dehydrogenase reduce seizures through inhibition of a metabolic pathway. KD therapy also affects DNA methylation, a novel epigenetic mechanism of the diet. KD therapy combines several beneficial mechanisms that provide broad benefits for the treatment of epilepsy with the potential to not only suppress seizures but also to modify the course of the epilepsy. In the s it was found that a diet composed mostly of fats, i. Core mechanisms of the diet have been covered in excellent recent reviews [ 4 — 6 ]. This review focuses on new mechanistic findings, which support the concept that the broad success of KD therapy is based on a combination of multiple beneficial mechanisms.
Diabetes Care. This Volume. Effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on appetite, blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. KDs can thereby shunt ketones into oxidative metabolism in the brain, which also enhances the capacity to produce amino acids such as GABA [ 13 ].